 Prefixes: mono-, semi-, bi- Prefixes and suffixes give a new meaning to already existing words. Below, there are three prefixes which are commonly used:
MONO- meaning one examples: monochrome - a painting, drawing, photograph in a single color (monochromatic) monologue - a long speech delivered by one person monopoly - complete ontrol over the goods or services of an entire market monoxide - an oxide containing only one oxygen atom in the molecule SEMI- meaning half examples: semi-annually - occuring twice a year semi-detached - about a house joined to another one on one side, having one shared wall semicircle - half a circle BI- meaing two/twice bicycle - a vehicle with two wheels biennial - happening every two years bilingual - able to speak two different language biped - a two-footed creature (e.g. humans) Test yourself, choose the correct prefix mono/semi/bi: 1. Canada and the USA signed ......lateral agreement. 2. She gave a ......logue, nobody wanted to talk to her. 3. This industry suffers from a shortage of ....-skilled workers. 4. Christianity, Islam and Judaism are the main ......theistic religions. 5. Having a Greek father and Italian mother, he grew up ......lingual. The answers are below. 1. bilateral 2. monologue 3. semi-skilled 4. monotheistic 5. bilingual  Companies manufacturing goods set up prices using different strategies. The prices are influenced by production and distribution costs, however, there other factors which are taken into account:
Retailers use also the following pricing strategies:
Did you like this post? You might be interested in these: HOW TO TALK ABOUT NUMBERS LINE GRAPHS  In IELTS Writing Task 1, you have to summarise information which is presented in a visual form. There are a few forms you can come across - a line graph is one of them. This type of figure can be used to show trends. The horizontal axis often indicates time, and the vertical axis often shows changes over time. Look at the example of a line graph presenting CPI (consumer price index) Inflation in Polad in 2018. Remember you should spend about 20 minutes on this task and write at least 150 words.  source: https://www.inflation.eu/inflation-rates/poland/historic-inflation/cpi-inflation-poland-2018.aspx In 2018 inflation in Poland fluctuated between 2.1% in January and reaching around 1.9% in December. The first two months of the year marked a significant drop in CPI, reaching its lowest point of 1.5%. The situation remained stable until March and then the inflation started to increase steadily until June, when it stood at nearly 2.2%. Thereafter, the percentage fluctuated for two months. After reaching a high point in August, it began to decrease gradually, finally reaching almost 1.9%. Overall, the graph shows the change in inflation in Poland during the period of 12 months, where the average inflation amounted to 1.81%. How to write the taskIntroduction Paraphrase the instructions, try to use varied language - use synonyms. Body Focus on the main features. Don't describe all the points, describe the trend. Use different forms. Don't use only numbers, give aproximates (e.g - nearly, almost). Use verbs of change: rise, increase, drop, fluctuate, remain stable Use adverbs after verbs: increase steadily, decrease gradually Use noun phrases: a significant drop, a high point Summary Once again provide a short overview of the graph, use different forms than in the introduction Do you have more questions about IELTS and would like to schedule your trial lesson?
Don't hesitate to CONTACT ME.  Employees may want to take some time off for different reasons, or they are entitled to a holiday from work. Below you will find some vocabulary describing different types of holiday and time off work.
STATUTORY HOLIDAY is fixed by law MATERNITY LEAVE is a period when a woman is away from work to have a baby (but is still paid) PATERNITY LEAVE is a period of leave given to a father when his partner has a baby UNPAID LEAVE is when an employee receives no money SICK LEAVE is when an employee is ill and cannot come to work CASUAL LEAVE is given to an employee to help him/her deal with personal affairs GARDENING LEAVE is a period of leave during which an employee is not allowed into the company offices, usually after being dismissed SABBATICAL is a period of paid or unpaid time off work for the purposes of research, study or travel, usually used by teachers, professors PUBLIC HOLIDAY is when all employees in the country are allowed to take a day off (BANK HOLIDAY - UK, LEGAL HOLIDAY - US) UNAUTHORISED ABSENCE FROM WORK is when an employee is away from work without permission and without a good reason (AWOL - absent without leave) TIME OFF IN LIEU (TOIL) is when an employee gets time off from work instead of pay for overtime  Adverbs for numbers, English vocabulary HOW TO TALK ABOUT NUMBERS THAT ARE APPROXIMATEIf you don't know the exact figure, or simply don't want to give it, for any reason, you can use the adverbs meaning 'more or less'. There is a wide array of phrases you can use to describe the value without giving the precise number. Here you'll find a handful of them.
ABOUT, AROUND, ROUGHLY, IN THE REGION OF There were roughly 250 participants at the conference. It will cost in the region of a 1.5 m dollars. OR SO after a figure Only 15 or so people came to the meeting. -ISH suffix Let's meet at 4-ish, shall we? NEARLY, ALMOST, JUST UNDER, JUST SHORT OF, THE BEST PART OF a figure that is slightly less than the one stated The company sold almost 1,000 items. We'll be working on this project for the best part of 1.5 years. The share price was just under 6.5 dollars. UPWARDS OF, JUST OVER, A LITTLE OVER, SOMETHING OVER a figure that is more than the one stated It will cost upwards of 20 grand a month. They earned just over 2.6 m euro on this transaction. colloquial noun phrases like A BALL-PARK FIGURE, A GUESSTIMATE can indicate that a figure is approximate I can only give you a ball-park figure. Pleas bear in mind that this total is just a guesstimate. If you liked this material, you may also like these: How are owners of big business called How to say you are poor or in debt Don't hesitate to contact me if you have any questions or would like to start your lessons.  How to use metaphors Phrases used in news often contain metaphorsfor example if two people are involved in struggle in courts of law they are involved in a legal battle, but they are not literally fighting. There are plenty of different metaphors connected with sport, fire, water or war which are commonly used in news reports to make articles more attractive.  SPORT a tight corner - a difficult situation The CEO has got himself into a tight corner when he admitted to spending company's funds on private trips. moving the goalposts - unfairly changing the rules during a course of action The government is accused of moving the goal posts in terms of fiscal policy. foul play - behaviour that is unfair The competition was accused of foul play. a level playing field - a situation in which everyone has the same opportunities. The Ministry of Employment want a level playing field for all employed. the ball's in someone's court - people wait for the action of the others because they have done what they could I help her in any possible way, now the ball's in her court.  FIRE spark - cause something to start or develop The company is trying to solve the problem of work overload as it can spark further workers' burnout. a blazing row - a very nasty argument My parents had a blazing row last night. burning - very strong He had a burning desire to succeed in his new role. blaze a trail - do something no one else has done before Our scientist made a breakthrough and blazed a trail for others in the field.  WATER a storm of protest - a lot of people express strong feelings against something
There has been a storm of protest over the new legislation. flood - appear in large numbers at the same time Before Christmas we are usually flooded with orders . a drop in the ocean - a very small amount compared with what is needed The money the hospital gets from the government is a drop in the ocean. a sea of something - a large amount of something She looked out over a sea of smiling faces. |
AuthorKatarzyna Sawicz 
Key facts:
- teacher of English - interpreter PL-EN, EN-PL - B.A in English Linguistics, M.A in Linguistics, Sworn and Business Translations - over 17 years experience teaching and designing materials - experience teaching online to individuals and small groups - experience teaching in-company - 3000+ hours of online lessons Archives
July 2019
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